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Adoration of the Magi (tapestry)
''The Adoration of the Magi'' is a Morris & Co. tapestry depicting the story in Christianity of the Three Kings who were guided to the birthplace of Jesus by the star of Bethlehem. It is sometimes called ''The Star of Bethlehem''〔George Leland Hunter, in ''Tapestries; Their Origin, History And Renaissance'', 1912, calls it ''The Star of Bethlehem''.(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/needlework/Tapestries-History/index.html )〕 or simply ''The Adoration.''〔Parry 1996 uses the name ''The Adoration''.〕
==Commission==
The original tapestry was commissioned in 1886 by John Prideaux Lightfoot, rector of Exeter College, Oxford, for the Gothic revival chapel built for the college in the 1850s by George Gilbert Scott.〔Pevsner and Sherwood,pp. 136–7.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=A Sermon Preached at Evensong in Exeter College at the Service to Celebrate the Restoration of the Chapel )〕 Lightfoot approached William Morris and Edward Burne-Jones, both former students at Exeter, and suggested the subject matter for the tapestry, to which Morris agreed readily in a letter to Lightfoot dated 4 September 1886.〔Wildman, pp. 293–294〕〔Parry 1996, pp. 292–293〕
The overall composition and the figures were designed by Edward Burne-Jones, who completed a 26 × 38 inch modello or design in watercolour and bodycolour heightened with gold in 1887. Large-scale cartoons for the tapestry weavers were created from photographically enlarged panels of Burne-Jones's watercolour. In a letter of 7 September 1886, Morris had suggested that the tapestry's colouration should be "both harmonious and powerful, so that it would not be overpowered" by the chapel's brilliantly coloured stained glass.〔Parry, 1996, p. 293〕 Morris and his assistant John Henry Dearle chose a vibrant colour scheme and added background and foreground details including the flowering plants characteristic of Dearle's tapestry work. All in all, the tapestry took four years to realise, including two years' work by three weavers at Morris's Merton Abbey Mills. The tapestry was completed in February 1890 and displayed in Morris & Co.'s Oxford Street showroom in London that Easter before being presented to Exeter College.〔〔 Lightfoot did not live to see the finished tapestry; he died at the Rectory at Exeter College on 23 March 1887.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=John Prideaux Lightfoot )〕
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